Apache offers the ability to modify many global settings on a per-directory basis. This module provides access to that feature. To create an options file for a directory, simply enter the path and filename in the field and click Create Options File. By convention these files are called .htaccess, but that is a configurable option in Apache. This file also allows for simple password authentication among other access control features.
More information on options files can be found in the Apache docs under the Options directive.